Tag Archives: researchers

Bowel disease drugs increase cancer risk: study

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Bowel disease drugs increase cancer risk: study

Some treatments for inflammatory bowel disease increase the risk of infection-related cancers, French scientists said on Monday, but the benefits of the drugs still outweigh the risks.

Thiopurine drugs — immunosuppressive medicines that inhibit the body’s immune system — are regularly used to treat inflammatory bowel disease, the researchers said, but can increase the risk of cancers linked to viral infections.

Laurent Beaugerie and colleagues at the Saint-Antoine hospital in Paris looked at more than 19,000 patients with inflammatory bowel disease. Around 30 percent of the patients were taking thiopurines, 14 percent had stopped taking them and 56 percent had never taken them.

Following up after almost 3 years, the researchers found 23 new cases of cancers — one of Hodgkin’s lymphoma and 22 of non-Hodgkin lymphoma.

Statistical analysis showed that patients receiving thiopurines — like azathioprine produced by several generic drugmakers and by GlaxoSmithKline as Imuran — had a more than five-fold increased risk of lymphoma compared with those who had never received the drugs, the researchers said in a study published in The Lancet journal.

Older male patients with a longer history of inflammatory bowel disease also had increased lymphoma cancer risk.

“The absolute cumulative risk…in young patients receiving a 10-year course of thiopurines remains low — (less than 1 percent) — and does not undermine the positive risk-benefit ratio of these drugs,” the researchers wrote.

But for elderly patients and for unlimited treatment periods, more studies were needed to assess the risk, they said.

Commenting on the study, Geert D’Haens of the Imelda GI Clinical Research Center and Paul Rutgeerts University Hospital Gasthuisberg, both in Belgium, said doctors should be cautious in prescribing thiopurines for prolonged periods.

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For women on HRT, tenderness may be warning sign

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For women on HRT, tenderness may be warning sign

Women whose breasts became tender after taking hormone replacement therapy had nearly twice the risk of developing breast cancer than women whose breasts did not become tender on the drugs, U.S. researchers said on Monday.

They said breast tenderness may be a way to identify women who have a higher risk of developing breast cancer while taking hormone replacement therapy to treat menopause.

“We report that an increase in breast tenderness, easily detected by physicians or patients, identifies a population at particular risk for breast cancer,” Dr. Carolyn Crandall of the University of California Los Angeles and colleagues reported in the Archives of Internal Medicine.

The team analyzed data on the more than 16,000 women who took estrogen-plus-progestin as part of the widely publicized Women’s Health Initiative or WHI study, which was halted in 2002 when researchers found healthy menopausal women who took the drugs were more likely to develop breast cancer.

Most of the women in the WHI studies took Premarin or Prempro made by Wyeth.

Doctors now recommend hormone replacement therapy for women suffering severe menopause symptoms, but caution that they should use the lowest dose possible for the shortest period of time.

Crandall and colleagues culled through the data to see if breast tenderness played a role in breast cancer risk. In the study, 8,506 took estrogen plus progestin and 8,102 got placebo pills.

The women had mammograms and breast exams at the start of the trial and every year after that. They reported whether they had breast tenderness at the beginning of the trial and a year later.

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Long-term monkey tests back Oxford’s gene therapy

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Long-term monkey tests back Oxford’s gene therapy

Long-term tests on monkeys using Oxford BioMedica’s gene therapy ProSavin suggest it can treat Parkinson’s disease without causing the jerky, involuntary movements associated with current drugs, researchers said on Wednesday.

Parkinson’s is caused by lack of the brain chemical dopamine. Standard treatment involves oral drugs that briefly raise dopamine levels — but levels of the chemical still remain unstable, leading to a movement disorder called dyskinesias.

By contrast, tests on macaque monkeys found the gene therapy safely restored concentrations of dopamine in the brain, corrected motor deficits and prevented dyskinesias — with no severe adverse side effects.

French researchers observed the animals for up to three and a half years in the study, after first inducing Parkinsonian syndrome by giving a neurotoxin and then treating them with gene therapy injections.

“Gene therapy-mediated dopamine replacement may be able to correct Parkinsonism in patients without the complications of dyskinesias,” Bechir Jarraya and colleagues wrote in the journal Science Translational Medicine.

Oxford BioMedica is currently conducting Phase I/II clinical trials with ProSavin and in July announced encouraging initial results.

ProSavin, which is administered directly to the striatum in the brain, delivers three genes required to convert cells that normally do not produce dopamine into cells that do.

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