Bowel disease drugs increase cancer risk: study

Some treatments for inflammatory bowel disease increase the risk of infection-related cancers, French scientists said on Monday, but the benefits of the drugs still outweigh the risks.

Thiopurine drugs — immunosuppressive medicines that inhibit the body’s immune system — are regularly used to treat inflammatory bowel disease, the researchers said, but can increase the risk of cancers linked to viral infections.

Laurent Beaugerie and colleagues at the Saint-Antoine hospital in Paris looked at more than 19,000 patients with inflammatory bowel disease. Around 30 percent of the patients were taking thiopurines, 14 percent had stopped taking them and 56 percent had never taken them.

Following up after almost 3 years, the researchers found 23 new cases of cancers — one of Hodgkin’s lymphoma and 22 of non-Hodgkin lymphoma.

Statistical analysis showed that patients receiving thiopurines — like azathioprine produced by several generic drugmakers and by GlaxoSmithKline as Imuran — had a more than five-fold increased risk of lymphoma compared with those who had never received the drugs, the researchers said in a study published in The Lancet journal.

Older male patients with a longer history of inflammatory bowel disease also had increased lymphoma cancer risk.

“The absolute cumulative risk…in young patients receiving a 10-year course of thiopurines remains low — (less than 1 percent) — and does not undermine the positive risk-benefit ratio of these drugs,” the researchers wrote.

But for elderly patients and for unlimited treatment periods, more studies were needed to assess the risk, they said.

Commenting on the study, Geert D’Haens of the Imelda GI Clinical Research Center and Paul Rutgeerts University Hospital Gasthuisberg, both in Belgium, said doctors should be cautious in prescribing thiopurines for prolonged periods.

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Antioxidants may raise diabetes risk: study

Instead of protecting against diabetes, antioxidants — compounds in foods and supplements that prevent cell damage — may actually increase the chances of getting diabetes, at least in the early stages, Australian researchers reported on Tuesday.

“In the case of early type 2 diabetes … our studies suggest that antioxidants would be bad for you,” Tony Tiganis of Monash University in Australia, whose study appears in the journal Cell Metabolism, said in a statement.

Antioxidants are protective proteins that can prevent cell damage caused by charged particles known as reactive oxygen species. This oxidative stress is thought to add to the progression of several diseases, including type 2 diabetes.

Because antioxidants fight oxidative stress, they have become a popular food supplement. But Tiganis said the picture appears to be a bit more complicated.

“We think there is a delicate balance, and that too much of a good thing — surprise, surprise — might be bad,” he said.

Tiganis’ team studied the effects of oxidative stress in mice fed a high-fat diet for 12 weeks. One group of mice lacked an enzyme known as Gpxl, which helps counter oxidative stress.

They found mice that lacked the enzyme were less likely to develop insulin resistance — an early sign of diabetes — than normal mice. But when they treated the enzyme-deficient mice with an antioxidant, “they lost this advantage and become more ‘diabetic,” Tiganis said in an e-mail.

He said oxidative stress may be working not to damage the body but to inhibit enzymes that hurt the body’s ability to use insulin early on in the development of diabetes, and that antioxidants remove this protective mechanism.

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Tag Archives: risk study

Bowel disease drugs increase cancer risk: study

Bowel disease drugs increase cancer risk: study

Antioxidants may raise diabetes risk: study

Antioxidants may raise diabetes risk: study