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Is swimming pool chlorine fueling the allergy epidemic?

Is swimming pool chlorine fueling the allergy epidemic?

Swimming in a chlorinated pool may boost the odds that a child susceptible to asthma and allergies will develop these problems, a study released today indicates.

“These new data clearly show that by irritating the airways of swimmers chlorination products in water and air of swimming pools exert a strong additive effect on the development of asthma and respiratory allergies such as hay fever and allergic rhinitis,” Dr. Alfred Bernard, a toxicologist at the Catholic University of Louvain in Brussels, Belgium, noted in an email to Reuters Health.

“The impact of these chemicals on the respiratory health of children and adolescents appears to be much more important — at least by a factor of five — than that associated with secondhand smoke,” Bernard noted.

Taken together with his team’s prior studies, he added, “There is little doubt that pool chlorine is an important factor implicated in the epidemic of allergic diseases affecting the westernized world.”

In the current study, Bernard and colleagues compared the health of 733 adolescents, 13 to 18 years old, who swam in chlorinated outdoor and indoor pools for various amounts of time with that of 114 “control” adolescents who swam mostly in pools sanitized with a concentration of copper and silver.

In children with allergic sensitivities, swimming in chlorinated pools significantly increased the likelihood of asthma and respiratory allergies, the researchers report in the journal Pediatrics.

Among “sensitive” adolescents, the odds for hay fever were between 3.3- and 6.6-fold higher in those who swam in chlorinated pools for greater than 100 hours and the odds of allergic rhinitis were increased 2.2- to 3.5-fold among those who logged more than 1000 hours of chlorinated pool time.

For example, among children and teens who swam in chlorinated pools for 100-500 lifetime hours, 22 children out of 369 (6.0%) had current asthma, compared with those who had spent less than 100 hours (2 of 144, 1.8%). The proportions with asthma rose with longer exposure, to 14 out of 221 (6.4%) who had been swimming for 500-1000 hours, and 17 out of 143 (11.9%) who swam for more than 1000 hours.

The risk of asthma and allergy was not influenced by swimming in copper-silver sanitized pools and children without allergic tendencies were not at increased risk of developing allergies.

“The only plausible explanation” for these observations, the researchers argue, is that the chlorine-based toxic chemicals in the water or hovering in the air at the pool surface cause changes in the airway and promote the development of allergic diseases.

“It is probably not by chance,” Bernard told Reuters Health, “that countries with the highest prevalence of asthma and respiratory allergies are also those where swimming pools are the most popular.”

The current findings, he and colleagues conclude, “reinforce” the need for further study on the issue and to enforce regulations concerning the levels of these chemicals in water and air of swimming pools.

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Study exposes how bacteria resist antibiotics

June 29, 2012Uncategorizedanti inflammatory drugs, antibiotic resistant bacteria, antibiotics, bacteria, beating, bf1, blister, calories, can, Cancer, damage dna, dangerous infections, defense mechanism, diet, different types of antibiotics, Drug, drug resistant bacteria, eating, Exercise, Exercising for Weight Gallery, Exercising for Weight Health Story, Exercising for Weight Health Photo, Exercising Weight, exposes, Flu, gallery, Gym, Health Health, health video, Healthy Minnesota, Healthy Minnesota Asia, Healthy Minnesota Health Story, Healthy Minnesota Photo Gallery, history, how, hurdle, in, journal science, laparoscopy, Malaysia Health, many different types, medical, MRSA, new antibiotics, new york university, nitric oxide, Nutrition, nyu langone, of, operation, organic, oxygen species, photo, physical, produce, resist, resistant, resistant staphylococcus aureus, safety issues, skin, spiritual, study, Study exposes, Study exposes Asia, Study exposes Gallery, Study exposes Health, Study exposes Health History, Study exposes Health Information, Study exposes Health Latest, Study exposes Photo Gallery, Study exposes Picture, Study exposes Video, Study exposes Web, Study exposesHealth latest, Study exposesHealth Photo, Study exposesover Picture, superbugs, Surgery, symptoms, telephone interview, tips, to, training, types of antibiotics, video, video photo, video surgery, virus, web Health, web Health picture, weightlossazuan

Study exposes how bacteria resist antibiotics

Scientists have discovered how bacteria fend off a wide range of antibiotics, and blocking that defense mechanism could give existing antibiotics more power to fight dangerous infections.

Researchers at New York University said on Thursday that bacteria produce certain nitric oxide-producing enzymes to resist antibiotics.

Drugs that inhibit these enzymes can make antibiotics much more potent, making even deadly superbugs like Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus or MRSA succumb, they said.

“Developing new medications to fight antibiotic resistant bacteria like MRSA is a huge hurdle, associated with great cost and countless safety issues,” said Evgeny Nudler of NYU Langone Medical Center, whose study appears in the journal Science.

“Here, we have a short cut, where we don’t have to invent new antibiotics. Instead, we can enhance the activity of well-established ones, making them more effective at lower doses,” he said in a statement.

Drug-resistant bacteria such as MRSA are a growing problem in hospitals worldwide, killing about 19,000 people a year in the United States.

Nudler’s team found that many antibiotics kill bacteria through the production of harmful charged particles known as reactive oxygen species, otherwise called oxidative stress.

“Antibiotics cause bacteria to produce a lot of reactive oxygen species. Those damage DNA, and bacteria cannot survive. They eventually die,” Nudler said in a telephone interview.

We found nitric oxide can protect bacteria against oxidative stress.”

He said bacteria produce nitric oxide to resist antibiotics. The defense mechanism appears to apply broadly to many different types of antibiotics, he said.

Nudler said many companies are testing various nitric oxide-lowering compounds called nitric oxide synthase inhibitors for use as anti-inflammatory drugs.

He thinks a compound in this class could be made to reduce the amount of nitric oxide bacteria can produce, reducing their ability to resist antibiotics. That would mean researchers would not need to discover new antibiotics.

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Eggs for making H1N1 vaccine meet world standards

June 27, 2012Uncategorizedalbumen, and, beating, bf1, bird eggs, blister, cabinet level, calories, Cancer, chen hui, diet, DOH, Drug, eating, egg, egg white, egg yolk, Eggs, Eggs Asia, Eggs Gallery, Eggs Health, Eggs Health History, Eggs Health Information, Eggs Health Latest, Eggs Photo Gallery, Eggs Picture, Eggs Video, Eggs Web, EggsHealth latest, EggsHealth Photo, Eggsover Picture, Exercise, Exercising for Weight Gallery, Exercising for Weight Health Story, Exercising for Weight Health Photo, Exercising Weight, Flu, food guide pyramid, for, gallery, good manufacturing practice, Gym, H1N1, Health Health, health video, Healthy Minnesota Asia, Healthy Minnesota Health Story, Healthy Minnesota Photo Gallery, history, hui fang, human vaccine, in, is, laparoscopy, making, Malaysia Health, medical, meet, next magazine, nutrient reserves, Nutrition, of, operation, organic, oval body, photo, physical, production operations, quality food, skin, spiritual, standards, Surgery, symptoms, thin membranes, tips, to, training, turtle eggs, two local companies, vaccine, vaccine manufacturer, video, video photo, video surgery, virus, web Health, web Health picture, weightloss, world, world health organizationazuan

Eggs for making H1N1 vaccine meet world standards

An egg is a round or oval body laid by the female of any number of different species, consisting of an ovum surrounded by layers of membranes and an outer casing, which acts to nourish and protect a developing embryo and its nutrient reserves. Most edible eggs, including bird eggs and turtle eggs, consist of a protective, oval eggshell, the albumen (egg white), the vitellus (egg yolk), and various thin membranes. Every part is edible, although the eggshell is generally discarded. Eggs are considered a good source of protein and choline. Because of this, the egg falls in the Meats category under the Food Guide Pyramid.

Roe and caviar are edible eggs produced by fish.

The eggs provided by two local companies to be used in the manufacture of H1N1 vaccine by Adimmune Corp. meet both world and local standards, the Central Epidemic Command Center under the Cabinet-level Department of Health (DOH) said Wednesday.”The eggs being used by Adimmune to produce HINI vaccine scrupulously meet the international standards set forth by the World Health Organization (WHO) and by Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP) criteria imposed by the DOH for high-quality food, ” the center said in response to a report by Next Magazine that questioned the safety of the eggs used by Taiwan’s sole human vaccine manufacturer.

Chen Hui-fang, director-general of the Bureau of Pharmaceutical Affairs under the DOH, said that in line with WHO guidelines, embryo eggs used to make vaccine must come from healthy chickens of adequate maturity and that such eggs supplied by two local providers fully meet the WHO regulations.

Eggs produced by chickens in the two enclosed farms are being raised in a fully automated and safe environment with round-the-clock monitoring, Chen said.

According to Chen, the bureau dispatched officials to inspect the production operations for the embryo eggs late last month, and no bacteria or residue from antibiotics or hormones were detected.

A day earlier, an Adimmune executive said the company’s vaccine production had entered the “filling stage,” which means that the dose of the vaccine has largely been established.

The executive added that the company is expected to launch human clinical trials in two weeks, to be conducted at the National Taiwan University (NTU) Hospital, the Tri-Service General Hospital and the Taipei Medical University-Wan Fang Hospital.

The company is recruiting 250 adults and 150 children to take part in the trials, he noted.

Immunizations are expected to begin in late October, with healthcare workers, pregnant women and children between 6 months and 6 years selected as priority recipients.

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